1) The Proposed Alignment including curve portion has to be in ‘Continuous Red Line’ with a line weight of 0.3mm.
2) The Alternative Alignment including curve portion has to be in ‘Dashed Red Line’ with a line weight of 0.3mm and with a line type scale of 5.
3) The Tangents of the curves are to be in ‘Dashed Black Line’ with a line weight of 0.3mm and with a line type scale of 5.
4) The chainage at 25m intervals including beginning & ending chainages are to be shown in ‘Green Color’ with a text height of 2.5mm and ‘Arial’ font, perpendicular to the alignment. Ex: - ‘Km 0.000’.
5) The chainage of each IP has to be shown in ‘Green Color’ with a text height of 2.5mm and ‘Arial’ font, perpendicular to the alignment. Ex: - ‘IP2 @ Km 0.255’.
6) The chainages of TP1 & TP2 are to be shown in ‘Black color’ with a text height of 2.0mm and ‘Simplex’ font, perpendicular to the alignment. Ex: - ‘TP1 @ Km 0.215’.
7) The North arrow is to be shown in proper direction with 2cm edge to edge.
8) The Title of the site plan is to be shown below the site plan in ‘Red’ with a text height of 3.0mm and ‘Arial’ font.
Ex: - ‘SITE PLAN FROM KM 0.000 TO KM 1.000’.
9) The survey number text has to have a rotation angle of 0 degrees with a text height of 2.0mm.
10) The cross-sectional levels placed along the alignment are to be shown in ‘Red color’ with a height of 2.0mm and ‘Simplex’ font.
11) The contour labels are to be shown in ‘Magenta color’ with a text height of 2.5mm and ‘Simplex’ font.
12) The alternative contour lines are to be shown in ‘Color 34’ and ‘Color 41’.
13) The village map has to be checked with the checklist prepared for ‘Digitization of Village Map’.
Wednesday, April 22, 2009
Super Imposing Alignment(s) including Cross-sectional levels and Contours on the village map
1) All the IPs including Start point and End point of the alignment, which were marked by the field staff on the hard copy of the village map, are to be added on to the digitized village map as point entities in AutoCAD.
2) Insert this village map in LDD drawing in which the alignments were drawn taking the start point of the alignment as reference point so that the start point in the map and the start point on the alignment coincides.
3) If the IPs on the alignment and the IPs in the village map does not coincide, the map has to be rectified so as to match the positions of IPs in the village map & on the alignment (s).
4) To rectify the village map the process called “Rubber Sheeting” required to be done.
5) To Rubber Sheet go to menu Map->Tools->Rubber Sheet. This command requires the base points and reference points to rectify the village map. The base points are those points of the village map that required to be matched with the points of the alignment, and the reference points are those points to which the base points are to be matched. The first four base points are to be the corners of the village map and the reference points to those base points are to be the base points them selves. The fifth base point is to be the Start point of the alignment and the reference point to that shall be the same. From sixth point select each IP on the village map as the base point and select the relative IP on the alignment as the reference point. After selecting all the IPs of main alignment and the alternative alignments close the command. The village map can be seen rectified.
2) Insert this village map in LDD drawing in which the alignments were drawn taking the start point of the alignment as reference point so that the start point in the map and the start point on the alignment coincides.
3) If the IPs on the alignment and the IPs in the village map does not coincide, the map has to be rectified so as to match the positions of IPs in the village map & on the alignment (s).
4) To rectify the village map the process called “Rubber Sheeting” required to be done.
5) To Rubber Sheet go to menu Map->Tools->Rubber Sheet. This command requires the base points and reference points to rectify the village map. The base points are those points of the village map that required to be matched with the points of the alignment, and the reference points are those points to which the base points are to be matched. The first four base points are to be the corners of the village map and the reference points to those base points are to be the base points them selves. The fifth base point is to be the Start point of the alignment and the reference point to that shall be the same. From sixth point select each IP on the village map as the base point and select the relative IP on the alignment as the reference point. After selecting all the IPs of main alignment and the alternative alignments close the command. The village map can be seen rectified.
Generation Of Contours along the Alignment
1) Draw a boundary around the cross-sectional levels along the alignment with a pline.
2) To generate the contours first a surface to the ground levels has to be created. To create the surface, go to menu Terrain->Terrain Model Explorer.
3) Create new surface in terrain model explorer and add the points group of existing ground levels to the surface and add the boundary created in step 1 to the boundaries of the surface.
4) Click the right mouse button on the surface and select the ‘build’ option to build the surface.
5) Close the terrain model explorer and go to menu Terrain->Create Contours.
6) Select the surface selected. The following dialog will be displayed.
7) Enter the elevation range of contours, and let the vertical scale to be 1. Set the minor interval to 1 and major interval to 2. In the properties check the contour objects. Press ok to generate the contours.
8) Go to menu Terrain->Contour Style Manager and set the smoothing options of the contours to Add vertices and smoothing factor to 10. Set the height of the contour labels to 5.0, color to ‘Magenta’ and font to ‘Simplex’. The values are to be set as below.
9) To place the labels on the contours go to menu Terrain->Contour Labels->End and select each contour to place contour label at the end of the contour. Select Terrain->Contour Labels->Interior to place label on the contour.
2) To generate the contours first a surface to the ground levels has to be created. To create the surface, go to menu Terrain->Terrain Model Explorer.
3) Create new surface in terrain model explorer and add the points group of existing ground levels to the surface and add the boundary created in step 1 to the boundaries of the surface.
4) Click the right mouse button on the surface and select the ‘build’ option to build the surface.
5) Close the terrain model explorer and go to menu Terrain->Create Contours.
6) Select the surface selected. The following dialog will be displayed.
7) Enter the elevation range of contours, and let the vertical scale to be 1. Set the minor interval to 1 and major interval to 2. In the properties check the contour objects. Press ok to generate the contours.
8) Go to menu Terrain->Contour Style Manager and set the smoothing options of the contours to Add vertices and smoothing factor to 10. Set the height of the contour labels to 5.0, color to ‘Magenta’ and font to ‘Simplex’. The values are to be set as below.
9) To place the labels on the contours go to menu Terrain->Contour Labels->End and select each contour to place contour label at the end of the contour. Select Terrain->Contour Labels->Interior to place label on the contour.
Placing Cross-sectional levels along the Alignment
To place the levels along the alignment the software called Autodesk Land Development Desktop (LDD) is used. LDD drawing is same as normal AutoCAD drawing but in addition the drawing will be linked to a LDD Project. The LDD Project is a database what stores the information of Ground Level Points, Alignment information, Cross-sectional information and Surface information of the ground.
To Place the Cross-sectional Levels along the alignment the following procedure is to be followed.
1) Cross-sectional Levels are to be formatted in Excel in the following format.
Point No Chainage Offset Level Remark
1 25.00 6.00 85.34 N
2 25.00 3.00 86.15 N
3 25.00 0.00 86.42 PLS
4 25.00 -3.00 86.09 N
5 25.00 -6.00 85.78 N
The right offsets of every cross-section have to be given – sign in the above table
2) Assuming chainage as Easting and offset as Northing now this data has to be saved as Comma Delimited Format.
3) Now the above data has to be downloaded into LDD by using menu Points->Import/Export Points->Import points with import format of PENZD, Comma delimited.
4) Place chainages of the cross-sections along the alignment and move the respective cross-sectional points to that chainage on the alignment and rotate the points perpendicular to the alignment at that chainage. Set text height of the chainages to 6.25, color to ‘Green’ and font to ‘Arial’. Set the text height of the levels to 5.0, color to ‘Red’ and font to ‘Simplex’. Let all the levels to be in a layer ‘Levels’ and all the chainages to be in a layer ‘Chainages’
To Place the Cross-sectional Levels along the alignment the following procedure is to be followed.
1) Cross-sectional Levels are to be formatted in Excel in the following format.
Point No Chainage Offset Level Remark
1 25.00 6.00 85.34 N
2 25.00 3.00 86.15 N
3 25.00 0.00 86.42 PLS
4 25.00 -3.00 86.09 N
5 25.00 -6.00 85.78 N
The right offsets of every cross-section have to be given – sign in the above table
2) Assuming chainage as Easting and offset as Northing now this data has to be saved as Comma Delimited Format.
3) Now the above data has to be downloaded into LDD by using menu Points->Import/Export Points->Import points with import format of PENZD, Comma delimited.
4) Place chainages of the cross-sections along the alignment and move the respective cross-sectional points to that chainage on the alignment and rotate the points perpendicular to the alignment at that chainage. Set text height of the chainages to 6.25, color to ‘Green’ and font to ‘Arial’. Set the text height of the levels to 5.0, color to ‘Red’ and font to ‘Simplex’. Let all the levels to be in a layer ‘Levels’ and all the chainages to be in a layer ‘Chainages’
Preparation of Skeleton of Alignment
Input Required:
1) The list of IPs and their respective chainages.
2) The list of Bearings from IP to IP.
3) The details of curves proposed at each IP from the design department.
Procedure:
1) Create a new drawing in AutoCAD with Metric units.
2) Use the command ‘UNITS’ and set the units to be as following.
3) Click Direction Button and set the base angle to ‘North’ as below.
4) Now assume each drawing unit to be a Meter in actual.
5) Add a Point Entity at any point in drawing space and mark it as the start point of the alignment. Let this start point of the alignment be the first and present IP of the alignment.
6) Add the next IP to the drawing by adding another Point Entity at a distance (in meters) relative to the present IP at an angle equallant to the bearing (in deg/min/sec) between these two IPs. Join these two IP points with a line. Change the lineweight of the line to 0.3mm and color to ‘Red’. If the alignment is alternative set the linetype to ‘Dashed’ and ltscale to 12.5.
7) Draw all the IPs and End point in the same manner and mark the chainages for each and every IP including the Start Point and the End Point. Set the text height of the chainages to 6.25, color to ‘Green’ and font to ‘Arial’.
8) Add a curve at each IP tangential to the alignment with a radius (respective to the IP) given by the design department. Change the line weight of the curve to 0.3mm and color to ‘Red’. If the alignment is alternative set the linetype to ‘Dashed’ and ltscale to 12.5.
9) Break tangents of the curves from the main line of the alignment. Join curves to the main line using command ‘Pedit’ and make entire alignment a single element. Set the linetype of the tangents to ‘Dashed’ and color to ‘Black’.
10) Mark the chainages of 1Tangent Points (TP1 & TP2) for each curve. The chainage of TP1 may be worked out by adding straight distance to this curve from previous TP2 or Start Point of the alignment which ever occurs to the chainage of the respective point. The chainage of TP2 may be worked out by adding Length of the Curve to the TP1 of Present Curve. Set the text height of these chainages to 5.0, color to ‘Black’ and font to ‘Simplex’.
11) Change base angle of the drawing to ‘East’.
1) The list of IPs and their respective chainages.
2) The list of Bearings from IP to IP.
3) The details of curves proposed at each IP from the design department.
Procedure:
1) Create a new drawing in AutoCAD with Metric units.
2) Use the command ‘UNITS’ and set the units to be as following.
3) Click Direction Button and set the base angle to ‘North’ as below.
4) Now assume each drawing unit to be a Meter in actual.
5) Add a Point Entity at any point in drawing space and mark it as the start point of the alignment. Let this start point of the alignment be the first and present IP of the alignment.
6) Add the next IP to the drawing by adding another Point Entity at a distance (in meters) relative to the present IP at an angle equallant to the bearing (in deg/min/sec) between these two IPs. Join these two IP points with a line. Change the lineweight of the line to 0.3mm and color to ‘Red’. If the alignment is alternative set the linetype to ‘Dashed’ and ltscale to 12.5.
7) Draw all the IPs and End point in the same manner and mark the chainages for each and every IP including the Start Point and the End Point. Set the text height of the chainages to 6.25, color to ‘Green’ and font to ‘Arial’.
8) Add a curve at each IP tangential to the alignment with a radius (respective to the IP) given by the design department. Change the line weight of the curve to 0.3mm and color to ‘Red’. If the alignment is alternative set the linetype to ‘Dashed’ and ltscale to 12.5.
9) Break tangents of the curves from the main line of the alignment. Join curves to the main line using command ‘Pedit’ and make entire alignment a single element. Set the linetype of the tangents to ‘Dashed’ and color to ‘Black’.
10) Mark the chainages of 1Tangent Points (TP1 & TP2) for each curve. The chainage of TP1 may be worked out by adding straight distance to this curve from previous TP2 or Start Point of the alignment which ever occurs to the chainage of the respective point. The chainage of TP2 may be worked out by adding Length of the Curve to the TP1 of Present Curve. Set the text height of these chainages to 5.0, color to ‘Black’ and font to ‘Simplex’.
11) Change base angle of the drawing to ‘East’.
Methodology to Prepare Site Plan By Office Staff
To prepare Site Plan the software called Autodesk Land Desktop is to be used. Land Desktop is an enhancement for AutoCAD.
Preparation of Site Plan involves several steps to accomplish a perfect site plan. The following are those.
1) Digitization of Village Map.
2) Preparation of skeleton of Alignment(s)
3) Placing Cross-sectional levels along the Alignment(s).
4) Generation of contours along the Alignment(s).
5) Super imposing of Alignment(s) including Cross-sectional Levels & Contours on the village map.
6) Placing the proposals of the structures or any
7) Preparation of the Legend for the Site Plan.
Preparation of Site Plan involves several steps to accomplish a perfect site plan. The following are those.
1) Digitization of Village Map.
2) Preparation of skeleton of Alignment(s)
3) Placing Cross-sectional levels along the Alignment(s).
4) Generation of contours along the Alignment(s).
5) Super imposing of Alignment(s) including Cross-sectional Levels & Contours on the village map.
6) Placing the proposals of the structures or any
7) Preparation of the Legend for the Site Plan.
Methodology to Prepare Site Plan By Field Staff
1) The Village map that is required has to be collected prior to the beginning of investigation of the alignment.
2) The start point of the alignment has to be marked on the map with reference to the survey numbers or any other features that are on the ground.
3) In continuation to this all the intersection points are to be marked on the map as above. The Chainage and Bearings for these IPs are also to be noted on the map beside the respective IP. Each IP has to be numbered uniquely like IP1, IP2, and IP3 and so on in a sequence.
4) Finally the end point of the alignment has to be marked on the map.
5) Then all the points that were marked on the map are to be joined with a line in the sequence.
6) In between to the above procedure all the crossings of all linear features like drains (vagus), streams, rivers, roads, cart tracks, footpaths etc., are to be identified and to be marked on the map with their respective chainages on the alignment at the point of crossing.
7) The locations of 3Bench Marks (BM) are to be marked on the map.
8) Cross-Sectional Ground levels are to be taken and recorded in books along the alignment at an interval determined in reconnaissance survey.
Note: - The above procedure is to be adopted for any alternative alignments, and each alignment is to be named uniquely.
1. Intersection Point is the point where the alignment is deflected to facilitate the requirements of the alignment.
2. Structures are the constructions done to facilitate the alignment to not obstruct the natural features like drain, road etc. or to facilitate the discharges in the canal run smoother as per the requirements.
3. Bench Marks are the points fixed in concrete along the alignment by carrying out the levels of these points relative to the nearest GTS.
2) The start point of the alignment has to be marked on the map with reference to the survey numbers or any other features that are on the ground.
3) In continuation to this all the intersection points are to be marked on the map as above. The Chainage and Bearings for these IPs are also to be noted on the map beside the respective IP. Each IP has to be numbered uniquely like IP1, IP2, and IP3 and so on in a sequence.
4) Finally the end point of the alignment has to be marked on the map.
5) Then all the points that were marked on the map are to be joined with a line in the sequence.
6) In between to the above procedure all the crossings of all linear features like drains (vagus), streams, rivers, roads, cart tracks, footpaths etc., are to be identified and to be marked on the map with their respective chainages on the alignment at the point of crossing.
7) The locations of 3Bench Marks (BM) are to be marked on the map.
8) Cross-Sectional Ground levels are to be taken and recorded in books along the alignment at an interval determined in reconnaissance survey.
Note: - The above procedure is to be adopted for any alternative alignments, and each alignment is to be named uniquely.
1. Intersection Point is the point where the alignment is deflected to facilitate the requirements of the alignment.
2. Structures are the constructions done to facilitate the alignment to not obstruct the natural features like drain, road etc. or to facilitate the discharges in the canal run smoother as per the requirements.
3. Bench Marks are the points fixed in concrete along the alignment by carrying out the levels of these points relative to the nearest GTS.
What is Site Plan?
Site Plan is the plan showing the Alignment(s) (Proposed or Existing) of a canal or road or dam or any other linear feature marked on a village map. The Site Plan shall be drawn to a scale of 1:2500 as per Irrigation Standards.
A Site Plan must consist the following:
1) All the existing features like drains, roads, cart tracks, footpaths etc., as in the village map.
2) All the survey boundaries, survey numbers, village boundaries etc., as in the village map.
3) The proposed alignment marked in Continuous Red Line with a lineweight of 0.3mm showing the alternative proposals of alignment in Dashed Red Line with the same lineweight.
4) 1Intersection Points (IPs) along the alignment showing the details of the IPs.
5) Curves drawn at IPs for each alignment with same properties of the alignment showing tangents of the curve in balck color.
6) Proposals of any 2structures (Cross Masonry or Cross Drainage or any Other) along the alignment.
A Site Plan must consist the following:
1) All the existing features like drains, roads, cart tracks, footpaths etc., as in the village map.
2) All the survey boundaries, survey numbers, village boundaries etc., as in the village map.
3) The proposed alignment marked in Continuous Red Line with a lineweight of 0.3mm showing the alternative proposals of alignment in Dashed Red Line with the same lineweight.
4) 1Intersection Points (IPs) along the alignment showing the details of the IPs.
5) Curves drawn at IPs for each alignment with same properties of the alignment showing tangents of the curve in balck color.
6) Proposals of any 2structures (Cross Masonry or Cross Drainage or any Other) along the alignment.
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